Foundational Knowledge Post-Test 2026

Question 1 of 10

1. Question

Which of the following conditions or situations represent “Red Flags” that may increase the risks associated with procedural sedation? (Check all that apply)

A. A patient who has Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and uses a CPAP machine

B. A patient with chronic back pain who uses hydrocodone 5mg/APAP 325mg (Norco™) 1-2 times /month

C. A patient with chronic back pain who wears a 50mcg fentanyl patch

D. A patient who reports 1-2 drinks / weekend

E. A patient who has CHF with an ejection fraction (EF) or 23%

F. A patient who had radical neck dissection with radiation 15 years ago.

Question 2 of 10

2. Question

Which of the following is a true statement regarding Body Mass Index?

A. A normal BMI is less than 18.5 kg/m2

B. A normal BMI is 18.5-24.9 kg/m2

C. A normal BMI is 25-29.9 kg/m2

D. A normal BMI is 30-34.9 kg/m2

E. A normal BMI is 35-39.9 kg/m2

Question 3 of 10

3. Question

Which of the following doses of fentanyl is equianalgesic (i.e. having equivalent analgesic effect) to 5 mg of IV morphine?

A. 5 mcg fentanyl IV

B. 50 mcg fentanyl IV

C. 500 mcg fentanyl IV

D. 0.5 mg fentanyl IV

E. 5 mg fentanyl IV

Question 4 of 10

4. Question

Bag mask ventilation, CPR, and use of an AED are recommended skills for health care providers administering Adult Minimal Sedation.

A. True

B. False

Question 5 of 10

5. Question

A pulse oximeter can be useful monitor for (Check all that apply):

A. Oxygenation

B. Ventilation

C. Heart rate

D. Determining some arrhythmias

E. Respiratory rate

Question 6 of 10

6. Question

Which of the following conditions can cause a delay in gastric emptying and may warrant a longer NPO time to reduce the risk of aspiration for elective procedures?

A. Diabetes

B. Pregnancy

C. Recent opioid or alcohol intake

D. All of the above

Question 7 of 10

7. Question

You are preparing to perform a diagnostic liver biopsy with minimal sedation. Your co-worker says that you do not need to use a preprocedure safety checklist or ‘time-out’ prior to beginning because the person will be awake during the entire procedure. The most appropriate response is:

A. Administer sedation and perform the procedure. There is no need for a ‘time-out’ since this procedure only requires minimal sedation.

B. Since the patient will be awake, identify the patient using two identifiers and perform other elements of the checklist as you move through the procedure. For example, ask the patient about medication allergies prior to giving each medication and check emergency equipment when you need it.

C. Explain to your coworker that all diagnostic and therapeutic procedures should be preceded by a preprocedure safety checklist similar to the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist.

D. Write an incident report and refuse to work with this colleague again.

Question 8 of 10

8. Question

Given that individuals respond differently to sedating medications, which of the following scenarios describes a patient who is minimally sedated for the procedure described?

A. A 45 year-old female with a BMI of 28 who took 10mg of diazepam (Valium™) PO one hour before her outpatient MRI scan and is now slurring her words and dozing off during the preprocedure interview.

B. A 64 year-old 110 lb female with pancreatic cancer who routinely uses alprazolam (Xanax™) for anxiety and extended release opioids for pain and now presents for her MRI having taken 20mg of diazepam (Valium™) PO one hour ago. She appears totally normal and answers questions appropriately, stating that she is ready for the MRI

C. A 46 year-old male having an inpatient dressing change is given 10mg of IV diazepam (Valium™) 10 minutes prior to the start of the procedure. He only grunts when the dressing is removed and the wound debrided.

D. A 24 year-old male is given 2 mg of midazolam (Versed™) IV prior to a screening colonoscopy. As the procedure begins, he reports that he is very nervous, his vitals are: HR 124, BP 148/98, RR 23.

Question 9 of 10

9. Question

While working in the recovery area you receive report from the sedating Nurse on a patient who was scheduled for an MRI with minimal sedation. The patient is sitting up in bed talking and reports no pain or nausea. Vital signs are stable and within 10% of baseline. Oxygen saturation is 93% on room air. You are told that the patient received only iv midazolam (Versed™) and flumazenil (Romazicon™) during procedure. What is the most appropriate discharge plan?

A. The patient meets criteria for discharge home: he is alert, vital signs including oxygen saturation are stable and within 20% of the patient’s baseline, nausea and pain are controlled.

B. Discharge the patient 30 minutes after administration the last dose of medication as long as there is no change in status.

C. Discharge the patient 2 hours after administration the last dose of medication as long as there is no change in status.

Question 10 of 10

10. Question

When responding to an apneic or unresponsive patient in the MRI suite , which would be an example of closed-loop communication? (Check all that apply)

A. Upon entering the room you call out for the MRI crash cart.

B. Upon entering the room you call the tech in the control room by name and ask her to bring the MRI crash cart, call the code team, and help to extract the patient.

C. Upon entering the room, you call the MRI tech by name and ask her to bring the crash cart. She responds that she will call the code team who will access the MRI crash cart.

D. Upon entering the room, you call 911 and notify the operator of the event. The operator tells you that a team has been dispatched to your location and will arrive in approximately 5 minutes.