| American Society of Anesthesiologists, 2018 March | Apfelbaum, J. L., Gross, J. B., Connis, R. T., Agarkar, M., Arnold, D. E., Cote, C. J., Dutton, R., Madias, C., Nickinovich, D.G., Schwartz, P.J., Tom, J.W., Towbin, R., & Tung, A. . (2018). | Differ from previous guidelines in that they were developed by a multidisciplinary task force of physicians from several medical and dental specialty organizations with the intent of specically addressing moderate procedural sedation provided by any medical specialty in any location. |
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| American Society of Anesthesiologists, 2021 Oct | ASA House of Delegates. Approved 25 October 2005, amended 19 October 2011, 13 October 2021 | Statement on granting privileges for the administration of moderate sedation to practitioners who are not anesthesia professionals. American Society of Anesthesiologists ASA, A. (2021). Statement granting privileges for Administration of moderate sedation to practitioners. | Read more…. |
| Continuum of Depth of Sedation | Approved by the ASA House of Delegates on October 13, 1999, and last amended on October 23, 2019. | Definition of General Anesthesia and Levels of Sedation/Analgesia. Statement on the 4 levels of sedation and the continuum that the level of sedation is based upon. | Read more…. |
| American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) | Godwin SA, Burton JH, Gerardo CJ, Hatten BW, Mace SE, Silvers SM, Fesmire FM. | Clinical policy: procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department. Annals of emergency medicine. 2014 Feb 1;63(2):247-58.
This clinical policy is an update to the clinical policy approved in 1998. This update strives to create a more evidence-based clinical policy for emergency physicians. The critical questions for this policy include personnel requirement for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department (ED), key components of patient assessment prior to procedural sedation, fasting, equipment, and supplies required, assessment and monitoring, assessment of respiratory status, and agents of sedation and analgesia for use in the ED. |
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| Anesthesiology Analg. 2009 Dec;109(6):1870-80. | El-Orbany M1, Woehlck HJ. | Difficult mask ventilation. This review summarizes current knowledge about difficult mask ventilation. | Full text available here. |
| Anesthesiology Clinics. 2007 Jun;25(2):283-300 | Sundar E, Sundar S, Pawlowski J, Blum R, Feinstein D, Pratt S | Crew resource management and team training. This article looks at crew resource management and its applicability to medical team training, including guidelines to setting up program. Also discussed is crisis resource management, and its use in acute medical situations. | You can purchase or read a copy of this article here. |
| American Dental Association | Accessed 10 February 2023 | Guidelines for teaching pain control and sedation to dentists and dental students. American Dental Association, January 2021. | Read more…. |